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Spetzler-Martin · Encéfalo
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Spetzler-Martin Spetzler-Martin grading of brain arteriovenous malformations

vigente

Grades brain AVM surgical risk by size, eloquence of adjacent brain, and venous drainage.

Índice de referência, não é suporte à decisão clínica. O RadCommons apresenta conteúdo de referência reescrito a partir de critérios publicados e com link para a fonte primária. Confira sempre a publicação primária vigente. Não é um dispositivo médico nem substitui o julgamento clínico. O radiologista responsável pelo laudo permanece o autor e o responsável.
Escala de categorias
IIIIIIIVV

As figuras e tabelas estão na fonte primária. Abrir a fonte. O RadCommons reescreve e cita, não reproduz figuras protegidas por direitos autorais.

Procedência e vigência

Órgão emissor
Neurosurgical consensus
Versão
1986
Ano
1986
Família
léxico
Tipo de lógica
score
Modalidade
MRI, Angiography
Fonte primária
A proposed grading system for arteriovenous malformations · doi:10.3171/jns.1986.65.4.0476
Última verificação
2026-06-22
Última checagem
2026-06-22

Lógica de decisão

Forma estruturada (score). Uma futura calculadora a lê; as categorias abaixo são a superfície legível.

Sum of size (1-3), eloquence (0-1), and deep venous drainage (0-1) points; total maps to grade I-V.

Mostrar a lógica estruturada (JSON)
{
  "feature_groups": [
    "size",
    "eloquence",
    "venous_drainage"
  ],
  "points": null,
  "score_map": null
}

Categorias num relance

Cat.SignificadoCondutaRiscoFonte
I
Grade I
Total score of 1 point. By point allocation this is the smallest, most accessible lesion type: a small nidus (<3 cm) in non-eloquent brain with superficial venous drainage only. Points are summed across three features: size (<3 cm = 1, 3-6 cm = 2, >6 cm = 3), eloquence of adjacent brain (non-eloquent = 0, eloquent = 1), and venous drainage (superficial only = 0, any deep drainage = 1).		—Lowest surgical-risk grade; in the original scheme grade I lesions are small, superficial and in non-eloquent cortex.
okfonte
Spetzler & Martin point scheme as reproduced in Table 1 of Kim et al., 'Validation of the Supplemented Spetzler-Martin Grading System,' PMC4270816 (size <3cm=1 / 3-6cm=2 / >6cm=3; venous: superficial=0, deep=1; eloquence: no=0, yes=1; sum = grade I-V). Grade-I lesion description from PubMed abstract of Spetzler & Martin 1986 (PMID 3760956).
II
Grade II
Total score of 2 points (sum of size + eloquence + venous-drainage points, scored exactly as for grade I).		——
okfonte
Spetzler & Martin point scheme, Table 1 of Kim et al., PMC4270816 (grade = size + eloquence + venous drainage; total range I-V).
III
Grade III
Total score of 3 points (sum of size + eloquence + venous-drainage points, scored exactly as for grade I).		——
okfonte
Spetzler & Martin point scheme, Table 1 of Kim et al., PMC4270816 (grade = size + eloquence + venous drainage; total range I-V).
IV
Grade IV
Total score of 4 points (sum of size + eloquence + venous-drainage points, scored exactly as for grade I).		—Higher surgical-risk grade; in the original scheme grade IV-V lesions are large, deep, and adjacent to eloquent brain.
okfonte
Spetzler & Martin point scheme, Table 1 of Kim et al., PMC4270816; grade IV/V lesion characterisation from PubMed abstract of Spetzler & Martin 1986 (PMID 3760956).
V
Grade V
Total score of 5 points (the maximum): a large nidus (>6 cm = 3), in eloquent brain (1), with deep venous drainage (1).		—Highest surgical-risk grade in the I-V range; original paper describes grade V as large, deep, and in neurologically critical areas. (A separate grade VI denotes essentially inoperable AVMs and is outside the requested I-V codes.)
okfonte
Spetzler & Martin point scheme, Table 1 of Kim et al., PMC4270816 (max score 5 = grade V); grade-V/grade-VI characterisation from PubMed abstract of Spetzler & Martin 1986 (PMID 3760956).

Histórico de versões

DataEventoDetalheSituação
1986-10-01publishedSpetzler-Martin AVM grading proposed.confirmado
Quickstart da APIGET /api/v1/systems/spetzler-martinaberto
curl -s "https://radcommons.laudos.ai/api/v1/systems/spetzler-martin"
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