Risser

sign of skeletal maturity

Grades skeletal maturity from iliac apophysis ossification (US convention).

vigenteOrthopedic consensuscurrent1958XR

0Grade 0 1Grade 1 2Grade 2 3Grade 3 4Grade 4 5Grade 5

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Categorias

Reescritas a partir da fonte e citadas

1 de 6

Grade 0

No ossification center is seen in the iliac apophysis; apophyseal ossification has not yet begun.

RiscoSkeletally most immature with the greatest remaining spinal growth, hence the highest risk of scoliosis curve progression. Peak height velocity and about two-thirds of pubertal growth occur before the first signs of iliac apophysis ossification.

verificadoIn Brief: The Risser Classification: A Classic Tool for the Clinician Treating Adolescent Idiopathic ScoliosisPMC3392381 (Hacquebord & Leopold, CORR 2012), 'The Risser Staging System' (criteria) and 'Purpose' (growth/progression); progression framing corroborated by StatPearls NBK499908.

2 de 6

Grade 1

Ossification of the apophysis up to the first (anterolateral) quarter of the iliac crest, about 25% excursion.

RiscoEarly/prepubertal stage with substantial growth remaining.

verificadoIn Brief: The Risser Classification: A Classic Tool for the Clinician Treating Adolescent Idiopathic ScoliosisPMC3392381, 'The Risser Staging System' (US system divides the apophyseal excursion into quarters, anterolateral to posteromedial); explicit 25% value and prepuberty/early-puberty framing from Wikipedia 'Risser sign' grading list.

3 de 6

Grade 2

Ossification up to the second quarter of the iliac crest, about 50% excursion (progressing anterolateral toward posteromedial).

RiscoCorresponds to the period before or during the pubertal growth spurt.

verificadoIn Brief: The Risser Classification: A Classic Tool for the Clinician Treating Adolescent Idiopathic ScoliosisPMC3392381, quarters statement; explicit 50% value and growth-spurt framing from Wikipedia 'Risser sign'.

4 de 6

Grade 3

Ossification up to the third quarter of the iliac crest, about 75% excursion.

RiscoCorresponds to slowing of growth (declining growth velocity).

verificadoIn Brief: The Risser Classification: A Classic Tool for the Clinician Treating Adolescent Idiopathic ScoliosisPMC3392381, quarters statement; explicit 75% value and slowing-of-growth framing from Wikipedia 'Risser sign'.

5 de 6

Grade 4

The apophysis is fully (fourth quarter) ossified across the iliac crest, about 100%, but not yet fused to the ilium.

RiscoNear-cessation of growth, but not a reliable endpoint: the article warns that trunk growth continues until stage 5 and that stage 4 is not an accurate measure of cessation of curve progression. Skeletal maturity is defined in most studies as Risser 4 or higher in females.

verificadoIn Brief: The Risser Classification: A Classic Tool for the Clinician Treating Adolescent Idiopathic ScoliosisPMC3392381, quarters statement and 'Purpose' (stage 4 not accurate for cessation; growth continues to stage 5); explicit 100% value from Wikipedia 'Risser sign'; female maturity threshold from StatPearls NBK499908.

6 de 6

Grade 5

Complete ossification and fusion of the iliac apophysis to the iliac crest.

RiscoSkeletal maturity / end of growth; trunk growth completes by this stage. In males, skeletal maturity is defined as Risser 5.

verificadoIn Brief: The Risser Classification: A Classic Tool for the Clinician Treating Adolescent Idiopathic ScoliosisPMC3392381, 'The Risser Staging System' (stage 5 = complete ossification and fusion) and 'Purpose' (trunk growth continues until stage 5); male maturity threshold from StatPearls NBK499908.

Lógica de decisão estruturada

{
  "categories": [
    "0",
    "1",
    "2",
    "3",
    "4",
    "5"
  ]
}

Referência, não é dispositivo médico. Confira a publicação primária vigente. O radiologista que assina o laudo continua autor e responsável.